# notepad.py
# Python 3.x + Tkinter 記事本（暗黑/淺色主題切換、字體可調、Ctrl +/-/0）
import os
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import filedialog, messagebox
import tkinter.font as tkfont
APP_NAME = "記事本"
DARK_THEME = {
"bg": "#1e1e1e",
"fg": "#d4d4d4",
"insertbg": "#ffffff",
"selectbg": "#264f78",
"selectfg": "#ffffff",
}
LIGHT_THEME = {
"bg": "#ffffff",
"fg": "#000000",
"insertbg": "#000000",
"selectbg": "#cce8ff",
"selectfg": "#000000",
}
def _default_zh_font():
if os.name == "nt":
# Windows：優先使用微軟正黑體 UI，無則退回微軟正黑體
return "Microsoft JhengHei UI"
# macOS 常見中文字體，可自行改為喜歡的中文字型
return "PingFang TC"
# 預設字型與大小（依需求）
DEFAULT_FONT_FAMILY = _default_zh_font()
DEFAULT_FONT_FALLBACK = "Microsoft JhengHei" # Windows 的備選
DEFAULT_FONT_SIZE = 15
class SimpleNotepad:
def __init__(self, root):
self.root = root
self.current_file = None
self.dirty = False
# 視窗設定
self.root.title(f"未命名 - {APP_NAME}")
self.root.geometry("900x650")
# 主題（預設暗黑）
self.theme_is_dark = True
self.theme_var = tk.StringVar(value="dark") # radiobutton 用
# 字型（如主要字型不存在則自動退回）
try:
self.text_font = tkfont.Font(family=DEFAULT_FONT_FAMILY, size=DEFAULT_FONT_SIZE)
except tk.TclError:
self.text_font = tkfont.Font(
family=(DEFAULT_FONT_FALLBACK if os.name == "nt" else "Menlo"),
size=DEFAULT_FONT_SIZE
)
# 編輯區 + 捲軸
self.text = tk.Text(
root, undo=True, wrap="word", font=self.text_font, tabs=("2c"),
padx=5, pady=5, # 內距：讓文字與邊框約 5px 間距
highlightthickness=0, relief="flat", bd=0
)
self.text.pack(fill="both", expand=True, side="left")
self.yscroll = tk.Scrollbar(root, command=self.text.yview)
self.yscroll.pack(fill="y", side="right")
self.text.configure(yscrollcommand=self.yscroll.set)
# 套用主題
self.apply_theme()
# 監聽變動
self.text.bind("<<Modified>>", self._on_text_modified)
# 功能表
menubar = tk.Menu(root)
# 檔案
filemenu = tk.Menu(menubar, tearoff=0)
filemenu.add_command(label="新增 (Ctrl+N)", command=self.new_file)
filemenu.add_command(label="開啟… (Ctrl+O)", command=self.open_file)
filemenu.add_separator()
filemenu.add_command(label="儲存 (Ctrl+S)", command=self.save_file)
filemenu.add_command(label="另存新檔… (Ctrl+Shift+S)", command=self.save_as)
filemenu.add_separator()
filemenu.add_command(label="離開 (Ctrl+Q)", command=self.on_exit)
menubar.add_cascade(label="檔案", menu=filemenu)
# 編輯
editmenu = tk.Menu(menubar, tearoff=0)
editmenu.add_command(label="復原 (Ctrl+Z)", command=lambda: self.text.event_generate("<<Undo>>"))
editmenu.add_command(label="取消復原 (Ctrl+Y)", command=lambda: self.text.event_generate("<<Redo>>"))
editmenu.add_separator()
editmenu.add_command(label="剪下 (Ctrl+X)", command=lambda: self.text.event_generate("<<Cut>>"))
editmenu.add_command(label="複製 (Ctrl+C)", command=lambda: self.text.event_generate("<<Copy>>"))
editmenu.add_command(label="貼上 (Ctrl+V)", command=lambda: self.text.event_generate("<<Paste>>"))
editmenu.add_separator()
editmenu.add_command(label="全選 (Ctrl+A)", command=self.select_all)
menubar.add_cascade(label="編輯", menu=editmenu)
# 檢視
viewmenu = tk.Menu(menubar, tearoff=0)
self.word_wrap = tk.BooleanVar(value=True)
viewmenu.add_checkbutton(label="自動換行", onvalue=True, offvalue=False,
variable=self.word_wrap, command=self.toggle_wrap)
# 主題（顯示：深色模式 / 淺色模式）
theme_menu = tk.Menu(viewmenu, tearoff=0)
theme_menu.add_radiobutton(
label="深色模式", value="dark", variable=self.theme_var,
command=lambda: self.set_theme(True)
)
theme_menu.add_radiobutton(
label="淺色模式", value="light", variable=self.theme_var,
command=lambda: self.set_theme(False)
)
viewmenu.add_cascade(label="主題", menu=theme_menu)
# 字體大小
font_menu = tk.Menu(viewmenu, tearoff=0)
font_menu.add_command(label="放大 (Ctrl +)", command=self.increase_font)
font_menu.add_command(label="縮小 (Ctrl -)", command=self.decrease_font)
font_menu.add_command(label="重設 (Ctrl 0)", command=self.reset_font)
viewmenu.add_cascade(label="字體大小", menu=font_menu)
menubar.add_cascade(label="檢視", menu=viewmenu)
# 說明
helpmenu = tk.Menu(menubar, tearoff=0)
helpmenu.add_command(label="關於", command=lambda: messagebox.showinfo("關於", "軟體開發 Kelvin Huang"))
menubar.add_cascade(label="說明", menu=helpmenu)
root.config(menu=menubar)
# 快捷鍵
root.bind("<Control-n>", lambda e: self.new_file())
root.bind("<Control-o>", lambda e: self.open_file())
root.bind("<Control-s>", lambda e: self.save_file())
root.bind("<Control-S>", lambda e: self.save_as()) # Shift+Ctrl+S
root.bind("<Control-q>", lambda e: self.on_exit())
root.bind("<Control-a>", lambda e: self.select_all())
# 字體大小快捷鍵
root.bind("<Control-plus>", self._inc_font_event)
root.bind("<Control-KP_Add>", self._inc_font_event)
root.bind("<Control-=>", self._inc_font_event) # Ctrl + '=' 也視為放大
root.bind("<Control-minus>", self._dec_font_event)
root.bind("<Control-KP_Subtract>", self._dec_font_event)
root.bind("<Control-0>", self._reset_font_event)
# 關閉視窗攔截
root.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", self.on_exit)
# ===== 主題 =====
def apply_theme(self):
theme = DARK_THEME if self.theme_is_dark else LIGHT_THEME
self.root.configure(bg=theme["bg"])
self.text.configure(
bg=theme["bg"],
fg=theme["fg"],
insertbackground=theme["insertbg"],
selectbackground=theme["selectbg"],
selectforeground=theme["selectfg"],
)
def set_theme(self, dark: bool):
self.theme_is_dark = dark
self.theme_var.set("dark" if dark else "light")
self.apply_theme()
# ===== 標題/狀態 =====
def update_title(self):
name = os.path.basename(self.current_file) if self.current_file else "未命名"
prefix = "* " if self.dirty else ""
self.root.title(f"{prefix}{name} - {APP_NAME}")
def _on_text_modified(self, _event=None):
# Tk 的 edit_modified flag 在觸發後需要手動清除
self.text.edit_modified(False)
self.dirty = True
self.update_title()
# ===== 變更確認 =====
def _maybe_save_changes(self) -> bool:
if self._text_changed_since_save():
ans = messagebox.askyesnocancel("提示", "檔案尚未儲存，是否要儲存？")
if ans is None: # 取消
return False
if ans: # 是 → 儲存
return self.save_file()
return True
def _text_changed_since_save(self) -> bool:
if not self.dirty:
return False
current = self.text.get("1.0", "end-1c")
if self.current_file and os.path.exists(self.current_file):
try:
with open(self.current_file, "r", encoding="utf-8", errors="replace") as f:
return current != f.read()
except Exception:
return True
else:
return current != ""
# ===== 檔案 =====
def new_file(self):
if not self._maybe_save_changes():
return
self.text.delete("1.0", "end")
self.current_file = None
self.dirty = False
self.update_title()
def open_file(self):
if not self._maybe_save_changes():
return
path = filedialog.askopenfilename(
title="開啟檔案",
filetypes=[("文字檔案", "*.txt"), ("所有檔案", "*.*")]
)
if not path:
return
try:
with open(path, "r", encoding="utf-8", errors="replace") as f:
content = f.read()
self.text.delete("1.0", "end")
self.text.insert("1.0", content)
self.current_file = path
self.dirty = False
self.text.edit_modified(False)
self.update_title()
except Exception as e:
messagebox.showerror("錯誤", f"無法開啟檔案：\n{e}")
def save_file(self):
if not self.current_file:
return self.save_as()
return self._write_to_path(self.current_file)
def save_as(self):
path = filedialog.asksaveasfilename(
defaultextension=".txt",
filetypes=[("文字檔案", "*.txt"), ("所有檔案", "*.*")],
title="另存新檔"
)
if not path:
return False
self.current_file = path
return self._write_to_path(path)
def _write_to_path(self, path) -> bool:
try:
text = self.text.get("1.0", "end-1c")
with open(path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
f.write(text)
self.dirty = False
self.text.edit_modified(False)
self.update_title()
return True
except Exception as e:
messagebox.showerror("錯誤", f"無法儲存檔案：\n{e}")
return False
# ===== 字體大小 =====
def increase_font(self, step: int = 2):
size = self.text_font.actual("size")
self.text_font.configure(size=min(size + step, 96))
def decrease_font(self, step: int = 2):
size = self.text_font.actual("size")
self.text_font.configure(size=max(size - step, 6))
def reset_font(self):
self.text_font.configure(size=DEFAULT_FONT_SIZE)
# 快捷鍵事件包裝
def _inc_font_event(self, event=None):
self.increase_font()
return "break"
def _dec_font_event(self, event=None):
self.decrease_font()
return "break"
def _reset_font_event(self, event=None):
self.reset_font()
return "break"
# 其他
def select_all(self):
self.text.tag_add("sel", "1.0", "end-1c")
return "break"
def toggle_wrap(self):
self.text.configure(wrap="word" if self.word_wrap.get() else "none")
def on_exit(self):
if not self._maybe_save_changes():
return
self.root.destroy()
if __name__ == "__main__":
root = tk.Tk()
app = SimpleNotepad(root)
root.mainloop()